Содержание
Ball bearings are indispensable elements in a variety of mechanisms that ensure rotation or rolling with minimal friction. Among the variety, spherical and tapered bearings are distinguished, which have unique characteristics and fields of application.
Spherical bearings: self-centering and high load capacity
Spherical bearings are bearings in which the rolling bodies (rollers) have a barrel shape and move along the spherical raceway of the outer ring. The inner ring has two raceways and a cylindrical or conical opening.
Advantages
- Self-centering: They are able to compensate for shaft misalignments relative to the housing up to 2-3 degrees, which makes them an ideal choice for cases where perfect alignment is impossible.
- High load capacity: withstand significant radial loads, and some types are combined (radial and axial).
- Low friction: ensure smooth rotation and reduce energy loss.
- Durability: they have a long service life even under conditions of vibration and shock loads.
Spherical bearings are widely used in
- Heavy machinery (rolling mills, mills, excavators)
- Mining industry (conveyors, crushers)
- Metallurgy (lifting and transport equipment)
- Agricultural machinery
- Wind turbines
Tapered roller bearings: for high axial and radial loads
Tapered bearings have a conical shape of the inner and outer rings, between which the tapered rollers are located.
Advantages
- High load-bearing capacity: designed to work under high radial and axial loads acting in one direction.
- Separate adjustment: the ability to adjust the gap allows you to achieve optimal tension and rotation accuracy.
- Rigidity: provides high joint rigidity and positioning accuracy.
Application
- Automotive industry (wheel hubs, differentials, gearboxes)
- Railway transport (wheel sets)
- Machine tool construction (spindles)
- Agricultural machinery
The choice of bearings depends on the specific operating conditions, the magnitude and direction of loads, accuracy requirements and other factors.
